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HMS ''Berwick'', pennant number 65, was a heavy cruiser of the British Royal Navy, part of the ''Kent'' subclass. She was built by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company (Govan, Scotland), with the keel being laid down on 15 September 1924. She was launched on 30 March 1926, and commissioned 12 July 1927. ==History== When completed ''Berwick'' was sent to the China Station, where she remained until a temporary detachment to the Mediterranean in 1936. Along with the rest of her ''Kent'' class sub-group of ships, ''Berwick'' underwent reconstruction between 1937 and 1938, where her single 4-inch guns were replaced with double mounts, numerous light machine guns were added, and probably most important; a cemented thick and deep armoured belt was added to both sides of her hull beginning at the armoured deck down past her water line. After this work, she completed her sea trials and then proceeded west where she served on the America and West Indies Station with the 8th Cruiser Squadron until 1939. When World War II started, she served on ocean convoy escort duties, then formed part of Force "F" (with ) when hunting groups were formed to find the German raiders. She did not make contact with any raider, but intercepted the mercantile blockade runners ''Wolfsburg'' and ''Uruguay'' in the Denmark Straits during March 1940. On 9 April 1940 she participated in the Norwegian Campaign and on 10 May 1940 in the Invasion of Iceland. She was then allocated to Force "H" at Gibraltar arriving on 7 November. On 27 November, while taking part of Operation Collar, ''Berwick'' was hit by a single 203 mm (8 in) shell from an Italian cruiser, apparently the ''Pola'', which knocked out her "Y" turret and killed seven men. A second round that struck her some minutes later did little damage.〔(Casualty Lists of the Royal Navy and Dominion Navies, World War 2, November 1940 )〕 On 25 December 1940, ''Berwick'' engaged the German heavy cruiser off the Canaries when she formed part of the escort to convoy WS-5A, a troop convoy to the Middle East. Despite being thoroughly ready for combat ''Berwick'' got the worst of the encounter. She scored no hits on ''Admiral Hipper'', and sustained a fair amount of damage in return, being hit by several 8-inch (which for the most part passed right through the ship) and 4.1-inch shells. The action did however, drive off ''Hipper'', and saved the convoy from any losses. Four of her complement ended up dying in the action, and she had to return to Britain for repairs, which lasted until June 1941. When repaired ''Berwick'' joined the Home Fleet and for the remainder of her wartime career she was escorting convoys to North Russia and operating in the northern North Sea. She escorted two more carrier raids against the in 1944 and again in 1945. ''Berwick''s last role was to escort carriers that were raiding the Norwegian coast in 1945. After the war she was allocated to BISCO for scrapping on 15 June 1948 and arrived at Hughes Bolkow, Blyth, on 12 July for breaking up. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Berwick (65)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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